A cláusula da nação mais favorecida em tratados comerciais: percepções ocidentais sobre a prática latino-americana de tratados comerciais no final do século XIX e início do século XX

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14295/rbhcs.v16i32.16576

Keywords:

História do Direito Internacional;, Nação mais favorecida, História do Direito

Abstract

Este artigo explora uma nova perspectiva no campo do direito internacional comercial, focalizando as percepções ocidentais sobre a condicionalidade e incondicionalidade das cláusulas de nação mais favorecida (NMF) em tratados comerciais em América Latina. A análise se concentra nas relações entre países semiperiféricos da América Latina e os países centrais, como os Estados Unidos e as nações europeias. O estudo inicia identificando os autores-chave na análise histórica, destacando o papel das cláusulas NMF na independência dos países americanos, especialmente após a independência dos Estados Unidos. Ao examinar as mudanças sucessivas nas cláusulas NMF, percebe-se a significativa contribuição da América Latina na sua formação e interpretação jurídica. Durante os congressos pan-americanos, os países sul-americanos apropriaram-se das cláusulas NMF de maneira evidente. Esses países buscaram criar uma identidade própria, questionando e reinterpretando as cláusulas de acordo com suas próprias necessidades e interesses. O artigo destaca a resistência dos países latino-americanos às influências europeias, formando uma exegese que refletia mais adequadamente suas perspectivas e objetivos.

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Author Biographies

Florenz Volkaert, Yale Law School

Dr. Florenz Volkaert (°1995) studied law at Ghent University (2018, summa cum laude) and obtained an LL.M/MSc. in Law and Economics (2018-2019, receiving the award for best student in the program) from the Universität Hamburg, Erasmus University Rotterdam and the Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research as part of an Erasmus Mundus program. During his law studies in Ghent, he also spent a semester at the University of Waikato (New Zealand), where he won the Law of International Trade Prize for best essay. He furthermore interned twice at the international trade department of an international law firm.

From November 2019 to October 2023, Florenz was a PhD Fellow of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), working on a project on the history of international economic law at Ghent University, supervised by Prof. Dr. Dirk Heirbaut (supervisor) and Prof. Dr. Frederik Dhondt (VUB, co-supervisor). He successfully defended his PhD on 3rd of November with a thesis entitled "Commercial treaties (1860-1914): a networked history of international law and trade". Since November 2023, he is a Postdoctoral Fellow of the Belgian-American Educational Foundation with appointment as visiting researcher at Yale Law School.

Fernando Muniz Shecaira, Yale Law School & University of Sao Paulo

Doutorando, Mestre em Processo Civil e Bacharel em Direito pela Universidade de São Paulo (FDUSP). Foi pesquisador Visitante e Research Fellow na Yale Law School, em New Haven, Connecticut. Minhas áreas de pesquisa incluem Acesso à Justiça, Mediação e Arbitragem, com enfoque na população LGBTI+ e em Sociologia e Antropologia jurídicas. Professor de graduação e cursos de especialização em Direito Processual e Resolução de Conflitos. Monitor na graduação e pós-graduação da FDUSP. Assistente no Núcleo de Estudos de Solução de Conflitos da USP. Advogado Orientador no Departamento Jurídico XI de Agosto - Núcleo de Práticas Jurídicas da FDUSP. Coordenador de Projetos da Escola CAMES - Câmara de Mediação e Arbitragem Especializada. Membro do Comitê ESG - GT Diversidade da CAMARB - Câmara de Mediação e Arbitragem Empresarial. Membro da Comissão Especial de Soluções Consensuais de Conflitos da OAB/SP, do Y-ADR do International Institute for Conflict Prevention Resolution (CPR) em Nova Iorque - EUA, do Law and Society Association em Massachusetts - EUA, e da CAMARB Alumni.

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Published

2024-07-23

How to Cite

Volkaert, F., & Muniz Shecaira, F. (2024). A cláusula da nação mais favorecida em tratados comerciais: percepções ocidentais sobre a prática latino-americana de tratados comerciais no final do século XIX e início do século XX. Revista Brasileira De História & Ciências Sociais, 16(32), 54–87. https://doi.org/10.14295/rbhcs.v16i32.16576