IMMUNOLOGIC AND OSTEOGENEIC PROPERTIES OF XENOGENEIC AND ALLOGENEIC BONE IMPLANTS

Resumen

Xenografting is increasingly being developed as a response to the shortage of human tissues. However, antigenic components of bone material eliciting immune responses – particularly of cellular nature – are blamed for the reduction of the osteoinductive properties of bone and bone-derived implants. The aim of our study was to compare the immunologic response and osteogenesis induced by antigen-depleted allogeneic and xenogeneic bone-derived implants to that induced by partially antigen-depleted material heterotopically placed (muscular pouch) in rats. Wistar rats received bone-derived implants of different antigeneic condition, from both xenogeneic (rabbit) and allogeneic (rat) origin. After sacrifice, animals were evaluated for osteogenesis and immune response. New bone formation was observed around all bone-derived implants, whether fully or partially antigen-extracted, and from both xenogeneic and allogeneic origin. No significant humoral response resulted following bone implantation. No qualitative difference was found in the newly formed bone or in the immune (cellular) response to partial and fully antigen-extracted bone of both allogeneic and xenogeneic origin.